Lo lus "patch" (los ntawm cov lus Askiv patch - "patch") tau tshwm sim hauv kev tshaj lij ntawm cov programmer thaum lub sijhawm thaum cov lej tau nkag mus rau hauv cov khoos phis tawm ntawm daim ntawv - punched tapes thiab punched phaib. Cov kws tsim tawm pom ib ntu ntawm daim kab xev nrog qhov xuas nrig ntaus tsis raug, txiav tawm ntawm qhov chaw no thiab dhau los xaiv cov khoom tawg - "muab ib thaj".
Tam sim no thaj ua rau thaj yog hu ua pabcuam pabcuam uas muaj cov kho thiab ntxiv rau cov tau tso ua ntej. Feem ntau cov kev ua yuam kev hauv txoj cai tau txheeb xyuas thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm raug tshem tawm, kev hloov tsim raug tsim, kev ua haujlwm tshiab thiab kev muaj peev xwm ntxiv, thiab kev ua haujlwm tau nce. Qee zaum "thaj ua rau thaj" tau siv los txhais qhov program interface rau lwm hom lus.
Hauv kev siv koos pis tawj, thaj ua rau thaj siv los hloov cov cai thiab kev cim. Qee zaum "thaj ua rau thaj" raug tso tawm los tiv thaiv cov neeg koom nrog tsis ncaj ntawm kev khib lav hauv kev ua si, tshwj xeeb hauv online. Yog tias koj hloov cov duab kos lossis cov suab paj nruag keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm qhov kev ua si, lub thaj me me tuaj yeem ncav ntau pua megabytes.
Rau cov koos pij tawj ua haujlwm hauv lub network, cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb dhau los ua cov teeb meem tseem ceeb heev. Hackers saib rau lub qhov nyob hauv kab ke operating system uas yuav cia lawv txhaj spyware ntawm lwm tus lub computer. Cov kws tsim tawm kev lag luam sim ua hauv ntej ntawm hackers thiab tso cov kev ruaj ntseg kev nyab xeeb uas kaw cov kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Piv txwv, hauv MS Windows, cov kev zov me nyuam raug hloov kho los ntawm qhov kev pabcuam ntawm Windows Update. Cov version ntawm software tsim hauv lub khoos phis tawm yog tshawb xyuas, tom qab ntawd cov kev pabcuam muab siv thaj ua rau thaj tsim kho rau cov qauv no. Cov kev pabcuam tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa rau phau ntawv lossis tsis siv neeg hloov tshiab.
Nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub siab tias qhov raug cai ntawm lub software nruab los kuj kuaj xyuas. Cov tswv ntawm pirated version yuav tau txais qhov tsis txaus siab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhov kev sib tsoo yog tias lawv txiav txim siab "plam" lawv lub computer.
Lo lus "thaj" feem ntau yog siv thaum hais txog kev hloov me me hauv txoj cai program. Ib qho hloov tshiab software loj yog hu ua pob pabcuam. Piv txwv li, 3 pob ntawv pabcuam tau tso tawm rau Windows XP.
