Thaum koj ua haujlwm nrog lub koos pis tawj, koj cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv txhua lub sijhawm. Cov ntaub ntawv yog daim ntawv muaj npe. Cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ob qho ntawv nyeem, xov xwm, thiab cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam uas lub computer xav tau los ua haujlwm.
Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv kom tiav, nws yuav tsum tau muaj kab ke. Qhov no yog qhov file system ua dab tsi. Lawv lub hom phiaj yog los muab lub peev xwm los ua haujlwm yooj yim nrog cov ntaub ntawv thiab npaj cov ntaub ntawv sib qhia los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem lossis cov neeg siv khoom.
Tus neeg uas tau ua haujlwm nyob hauv lub khoos phis tawm yuav tsis khaws cov ntaub ntawv, cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab kev ua si hauv ib phau ntawv, uas tau muab rau nws los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Nws yooj yim dua rau pab pawg cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm qee tus cwj pwm thiab muab lawv tso rau hauv cov ntu kom tsim nyog. Cov seem no hu ua phau ntawv qhia.
Hais txog cov filesystem, ib phau ntawv teev npe yog ib daim ntawv uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ib pawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog lub npe ntawm cov ntawv, lub npe ntawm nws tus tswv lossis tus tsim, qhov chaw nyob ntawm daim ntawv rau ntawm daim disk, nyeem nkaus xwb, muab zais, ua haujlwm, tsim thiab hloov sijhawm, hom (cim, binary, ib ntus), thiab lwm yam.
Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm FS (file system) yog qhov kev tso kom zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm daim disk. Qhov no txhais tau tias qhov chaw disk yuav tsum siv kev lag luam, thiab cov ntaub ntawv khaws thiab khaws cia yuav tsum ua kom nrawm li sai tau.
FS yog sau rau daim hard disk muab faib thaum ua tus qauv. Ib qho nyuaj tsav tuaj yeem muaj ntau lub kaw lus cia. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm FS yog nyob ntawm seb qhov kev ua haujlwm twg yuav raug teeb tsa ntawm lub cav disk.
Rau Windows OS, NTFS thiab, tsawg dua, FAT32 siv.
Lub cav uas loj dua 32 GB tsis tuaj yeem raug teeb meem hauv FAT322 - qhov kev txwv no tau txwv los ntawm cov kws tsim tawm ntawm Microsoft. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub kaw lus no tuaj yeem ceev cov ntaub ntawv txog li 4 GB ntawm qhov loj me.
Muaj ib qho tsis zoo dua ib qho: FAT32 tsis muaj kev sau xov xwm, i.e. kaw cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm thiab kaw lus lub xeev pauv hloov.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov zoo ntawm FAT32 yog nws cov kev ua tau zoo thiab tsis tshua muaj kev kho vajtse: nws xav tau 32 MB ntawm RAM rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj.
Qhov loj ntawm cov zajlus kom disk uas tuaj yeem tsim tau NTFS yog 2,000,000 GB. Cov ntaub ntawv system no yog qhov txawv txav ntawm nws txoj kev ruaj khov vim kev sau xov xwm thiab cov hau kev lag luam ntaub ntawv. Txhua cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm tau ua los ntawm kev hloov pauv, i.e. qhov kev txiav txim ua tiav kom tiav lossis raug muab tso tseg. Qhov ua tsis tiav raug sau cia hauv qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim, los ntawm qhov chaw uas lub kaw lus siv xov xwm rau kev kho tus kheej.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm NTFS yog hard disk fragmentation. Qhov kev txhim kho tiv thaiv kab ke ua haujlwm tsis daws qhov teeb meem vim qhov peculiarities ntawm kev sau cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub hard drive.
